Self-management skills continue to appear in the literature as a mechanism for improving academic, social, and behavioral outcomes of students with emotional/behavioral disorders (Mooney, Ryan, Uhing, Reid, & Epstein, 2005). Self-management skills can be described as the processes undertaken to regulate one’s own learning or behavior. In regard to operant self-regulation, self-management skills include the sub-processes of self-monitoring, self-evaluating, and self-instructing, and self-reinforcement (Mace, Belfiore, & Hutchinson, 2001). Targeting students’ self-management skills can lead to self-directed learning, a primary goal of formal education (Belfiore & Hornyak, 1998). The strategies for self-management are closely related to formative assessment practices. The following description of self-management strategies provide a basic foundation for classroom implementation.
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